Computer general problem detection and solution

Today I have tried to gather some common PC errors that we face and their temporary solutions. I hope you guys would love the post :)

1. MONITOR LED IS BLINKING

Check all the connections like Monitor Cable, Data cables, RAM, Display Card , CPU connections.

2. CONTINUOUS THREE BEEPS

Problem in RAM Connection.

3. THREE BEEPS ( 1 Long 2 Short)

Problem in Display Card Connection

4. THREE LONG BEEPS PERIOD WISE

Problem in BIOS or RAM (Basic Input Output System)

5. CONTINUOUS NON-STOP BEEPING

Key Board Problem (I.e.; Some Key is pressed for Longer time)

6. FDD LED IS GLOWING CONTINUOUSLY

Data cable to be connected properly (twisted cable).

7. NO DISPLAY ON THE SCREEN AT ALL

Hard Disk cable connected wrongly. Connect rightly seeing the Red mark (Faces power supply) and then Restart.

8. POWER LED IS OFF

a. Check main power cord

b. Check S.M.P.S.

c. Check Mother Board connection

9. SHOWING CMOS ERROR

Replace 3 Volt battery of Mother Board . Set Original Settings Manually.(Refer­ CMOS Setup chart) Enter your search terms.Submit search form.

10. SHOWING FDD ERROR OR FLOPPY DRIVE IS NOT WORKING PROPERLY

Check Power cord of FDD , Data Cables , set CMOS & Finally the Check drive.

11. SHOWING HDD ERROR OR HARD DISK FAILURE

a. Check Power Cord

b. Check connection of HDD

c. Check Data cable

d. Check Hard Disk parameters in CMOS or Auto detecting Setting Partitions by Fdisk Command, then format it to set track 0.

12. MOTHER BOARD HANGS DUE TO UNSTABILIZED POWER SUPPLY

a. Check S.M.P.S

b. RAM not functioning properly.

c. Software problem (due to using pirated software)   

d. CPU fan not functioning properly.

13. DANCING SCREEN

a. Check Display card connection

b. Virus Problem

c. Video Memory Problem

14. SHAKING SCREEN

a. Earthing problem

b. Magnetic waves comes around.

15. CPU CABINET SHOCK

a. Check Earthing

b. Check main power cord.

16. NON-SYSTEM DISK ERROR

a. Floppy Drive having different disk (Non-Bootable Disk) OR CMOS Parameters for Hard Disk may not be set properly.

b. Hard Disk Partitions may not be created.

c. Hard Disk may not be formatted.

17. MISSING OPERATING SYSTEM

The System files missing namely Ie; command.com} -User File IO.SYS & MS_DOS.SYS } - Hidden Files. These above three files required for Start up of the system that can be transferred by using SYS C: Command OR While the time of formatting by using Format c:/u/s

18. MISSING COMMAND INTERPRETOR

May the file Command.com is corrupted OR Infected by Virus OR Some one has Erased it.

19. SHOWING I/O ERROR

a. The type of Hard Disk in CMOS may not be set properly.

b. Operating system used for formatting is not valid.

20. SHOWING DIVIDE OVER- FLOW MESSAGE

a. May some Directories or Files crash with other files.

b. Use CHKDSK/F or SCANDISK Command to correct it.

21. HARD DISK MAKING NOISE WHILE PROCESSING

a. Unstabilized power supply.

b. Check for Loose Contact.

c. Do not use Y Connectors for Hard Disk.

d. It may create Bad Sector OR Weak Hard Disk.

22. HARD DISK HANGS WHILE PROCESSING

Check for Bad Sector by using CHKDSK or SCANDISK Command. If found format the Hard Disk and set Partition before that area.(This is the only procedure to use Hard Disk with Bad Sector) OR (To avoid Bad Sectors use Standard Power Supply)

23. HARD DISK NOT DETECTED

a. Check Power Connector

b. Check Data Cables

c. Check Jumpers

24. PARTITION NOT SHOWN

Operating System where the Hard Disk formatted is not supported with present Mother Board. For Eg: Hard Disk formatted with Pentium System will hide their partitions for 486 System.

25. MMX/DLL FILE MISSING

May the above files may be corrupted due to power failure or Virus. Make available above files from other Computer. OR Reinstall Windows 98 Operating System. (This procedure will not make any effect on existing Data).

26. WINDOWS REGISTRY ERROR

This will happen due to sudden ON/OFF of the system. Final solution is to Reinstall Operating System.

27. DISPLAY COLOUR DOES NOT MATCH

a. Configure Display Card properly with their CD.

b. The Standard setting for Windows is set it to 800x600 for better performance.

28. UNKNOWN DEVICE FOUND

May the Driver utility is not provided with operating system . Insert Driver CD and install software for the above Device... -

About Patan

Vanraj Chavda established new city as the capital on samvat 802 vaishakh sud-2 and named this city of Anahilpur after the name of a bharwad called Anahilla. This anahilla part of Patan alias Anahilved Patan was famous as the capital of Vanraj Chavda and Solanki dynasty. There after Patan had brave kings like Bhimdev first, Siddnaraj Jaysinh and Kunarpar, intelligent secretaries viz Manjal Mehta, Udan, Vastupal-Tejpal and Prakand Pandits like Kalikal Sarvagna Hemchandracharya, Shantixoori and shripar.

As the history, architecture of two historical monuments of Sahatraleeng Sarovar (lake) and king Bheemdev First Rani’s vav built in the memory of Queen Vdamate are magnificent, and have important place in Gujarat’s history, they have been placed in the national monuments list too. 

Besides this, Hemchan Dracharya Library, Jain temples. Samana kalike mataji temple of Siddhraj Jaysinh have more importance. In the Vadodara rule also, Patan have a prominent place. Besides this, in the newly-created district, Radhanpur taluka had sama’s empire of  Nawab of Babi dynasty. Siddhpur city is famous for Radramahal and Matra Shradh. The Jain tample of Parshvanath dada at Shankheshvar village of sami taluka have prominent importance. 

Ancient capital of Gurjar khand and cultural, centre Anahilvad patan is famous for its golden history noble cultural heritage, architecture, folk art and handicraft of patola.

Villages of Sami Taluka

 

	Adgam		Daudpur		Kanchanpura		Mandvi
	Anvarpura		Dhadhana		Kanij		Mankodiya
	Aritha		Dhanora		Kathi		Manvarpura
	Babri		Dudkha		Kathivada		Mardanganj
	Badarganj		Fatehpura		Khandiya		Matrota
	Baspa		Fattehganj		Kharchariya		Memna
	Bhadrada		Gajdinpura		Khijadiyari		Mota Joravarpura
	Bhamathal		Gochnad		Koddha		Moti Chandur
	Biliya		Godhana		Kokta		Mubarakpura
	Bismillabad		Gujarvada		Kukrana		Mujpur
	Bolera		Islampura		Kunvar		Murtujanagar
	Buda		Jahurpura		Kuvarad		Nana Joravarpura
	Chandarni		Jakhel		Lalpur		Nani Chandur
	Dadar		Jalalabad		Lolada		Nayka
	Dadka		Jesda		Loteshvar		Orumana
	Dantisana		Jhilvana		Mahmadpura		Padla
	Palipur		Samsherpura		Vahedpur		Runi
	Panchasar		Shankheshvar		Varana		Rupnagar
	Pirojpura		Sherpura		Vaval		Sajupura
	Rafu		Sipur		Ved		Sami
	Rajpura		Sonar		Upaliyasara		Tarora
	Rampura		Subapura		Vaghel		Tuvad
	Ranavada		Sukhpura		Vaghpura		Umedpura
	Ranod		Taranagar		Vagosan		Ravad
	Rasulpura		Ratanpura

 

Some Abbreviations !!!

Some Abbreviations !!!

FM –> Frequency Modulation

SIM –> Subscriber Identity Module

RIM –> Removable Identity Module

GSM –> Global System For Mobile

LAN –> Local Area Network

WAN –> Wide Area Network

RTE –> Rich Text Format

MAN –> Metropolitan Area Network

URL –> Uniform Resource Locator

ISP –> Inter Net Service Provide

@ –> At The Rate Of

DVD –> Digital Versatile Disk

CD –> Compact Disk

EDGE –> Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution

GPRS –> General Packet Radio Service

FDM –> Frequency Division Multiplexing

SDR –> Software Defined Radio

ATM –> Asynchronous Transfer Mode

DCA –> Dynamic Channel Allocation

FCA –> Fixed Channel Allocation

AMPS –> Advance Mobile Phone System

IMTS –> Improved Mobile Telephone System

CDMA –> Code Division MultipleAccess

MTSO –> Mobile Telephone SwitchingOffice

HTTP –> Hypertext Transfer Protocol

FIDI –> Fiber Distributed Data Interface

ISDN –> Integrated Services DigitalNetwork

PSTN –> Public Switched Telephone Network

CSMA –> Carrier Sense Multiple Access

RADAR –> Radio Detection AndRanging

SONET –> Synchronous Optical Fiber Network

DAMPS –> Digital Advanced Mobile Phone System

WWW –> World Wide Web

IP –> Internet Protocol

TCP –> Transmission Control Protocol

HTML –> HyperText Markup Language

USB –> Universal Serial Bus

PAN -> Personal Area Network

TDM -> Time Division Multiplexing.

SCIENCE DEALING WITH DIFFERENT SUBJECTS

Oncology - Science that deals withTumors.

Epidemiology - Study of Epidemic Diseases.

Agriculture - Culture of all cultures.

Agronomy - Agros = field+ nomous = cultivation i.e. Art of growing crops.

Aeronautics - Science of flight of aeroplanes.

Anatomy - Structure of Human body. (Plant anatomy=Structure ofplant)

Arboriculture - Cultivation of trees and vegetables.

Astronomy - Study of heavenly bodies.

Biology - Science of living body.

Botany - Science of plant life.

Chemistry - Composition and properties of various elements in nature.

Cryptography - Secret writing.

Cyrogenics - Concerned with the production, control and application of very low temperatures.

Cytogenetics - Cell formation.

Cytology - Dealing with cells.

Entomology - Insects studies.

Exbiology - Science dealing with life or possibilities of life existing beyond the earth.

Floriculture - Flowers cultivation.

Geology - Condition and structure of the earth.

Horticulture - Art of garden cultivation

Heads of Specialized organisations and agencies of the United Nations—

1 Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO )— José Graziano da Silva 

2 International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA )— Yukiya Amano 

3 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)—Raymond Benjamin 

4 International Fund for Agricultural Development(IFAD) —Kanayo F. Nwanze 

5 International Labour Organization(ILO ) —Juan Somavía 

6 International Maritime Organization(IMO) — Efthimios E. Mitropoulos 

7 International Monetary Fund(IMF) — Christine Lagarde 

8 International Telecommunication Union (ITU) — Hamadoun Touré 

9 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO )— Irina Bokova 

10 Universal Postal Union(UPU)— Edouard Dayan 

11 World Bank (IBRD ) — Jim Yong Kim 

12 World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO ) —Francis Gurry 

13 World Meteorological Organization(WMO) — Alexander Bedritsky 

14 World Tourism Organization(UNWTO) — Taleb Rifai 

15 United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime(UNODC) — Yuri Fedotov 

16 United Nations Data and Information Organization(UND I O) — Louis R. Rutinduka

10 Things you may not know about PPF !!!

One of the popular, preferred, and preeminent tax saving investments is PPF – Public Provident Fund. We all know about PPF. Do we know all about PPF? Let us discuss in detail....

1) Where to open the PPF account?

PPF accounts can be opened in a post office or in selected bank branches. The regular KYC documents need to be submitted for opening a PPF account with a minimum investment of Rs.500.

2) What is the interest rate?

The current interest rate for PPF is 8.8% p.a. The interest rate will change every financial year in accordance with the average bond yield of the previous year. The interest rate will be fixed 0.25% above the 10 year government bond yield.

3) How is the interest calculated?

For the balance amount in your PPF account the interest is compounded annually. However, the interest calculation will be done each and every month.

If your contribution to the PPF account is credited on or before 5th of that month, then that contribution will bear interest for that month too. If it is credited after 5th of that month, you will get interest only from the subsequent month. Therefore, if you make sure your contribution is getting credited in your account on or before 5th of that month, and then you will not miss the interest for that month as well.

4) What is the tax benefit?

Under Section 80 C, whatever the contribution you make in PPF is eligible for tax deduction. Also the interest from PPF is also tax free.

These tax benefits are available as of now. If DTC is implemented, then the tax benefits will change prospectively and not retrospectively.

5) What is the minimum and maximum investment?

The minimum amount needed to be invested every year is Rs.500. The maximum amount of investment allowed every year is Rs.1 lac. You can make investments through a maximum of 12 installments per year. If your minor child also holds a PPF account then the combined limit of both the PPF account is limited to Rs. 1 lac.

Not making the minimum investment in a year will attract a penalty of Rs50.

6) When does it mature?

A PPF account will mature at the end of the 15th year. This can be extended for one or more blocks of 5 years thereafter.

7) Can I withdraw in between?

Yes. You can withdraw after the 6th year. However, you can withdraw only up to 50% of the balance at the end of 4th year or at the end of immediate preceding year whichever is lower. You will be allowed to withdraw only once in a year.

8)Can I get a loan against my PPF account?

Yes. You can avail the loan facility only from the 3rd year. You will be allowed to take a loan to the extent of 25% of the balance in the previous year.

9) Can an NRI open a PPF account?

NRI can’t open a PPF account. If you open a PPF account as a resident and subsequently you become an NRI, you will be allowed to continue and contribute till its maturity on a non-repatriable basis.

10) What happens if the PPF account holder dies?

In the event of the death of the PPF account holder, the balance amount in the PPF account will be paid even before the completion of 15 years, to the nominee or legal heir of the deceased person. The nominee or the legal heir is not allowed to continue the PPF account by making fresh contributions to it.

MS-DOS Command

MS-DOS and command line overview

Below is a listing of each of the MS-DOS commands currently listed on Just Knowledge and a brief explanation of what each of the commands do. The below commands are all MS-DOS commands, which means not all the below commands will work in your version of MS-DOS or Windows command line.

Command	Description	Type
ansi.sys	Defines functions that change display graphics, control cursor movement, and reassign keys.	File
append	Causes MS-DOS to look in other directories when editing a file or running a command.	External
arp	Displays, adds, and removes arp information from network devices.	External
assign	Assign a drive letter to an alternate letter.	External
assoc	View the file associations.	Internal
at	Schedule a time to execute commands or programs.	External
atmadm	Lists connections and addresses seen by Windows ATM call manager.	Internal
attrib	Display and change file attributes.	External
batch	Recovery console command that executes a series of commands in a file.	Recovery
bootcfg	Recovery console command that allows a user to view, modify, and rebuild the boot.ini	Recovery
break	Enable and disable CTRL + C feature.	Internal
cacls	View and modify file ACL's.	External
call	Calls a batch file from another batch file.	Internal
cd	Changes directories.	Internal
chcp	Supplement the International keyboard and character set information.	External
chdir	Changes directories.	Internal
chdsk	Check the hard drive running FAT for errors.	External
chkntfs	Check the hard drive running NTFS for errors.	External
choice	Specify a listing of multiple options within a batch file.	External
cls	Clears the screen.	Internal
cmd	Opens the command interpreter.	Internal
color	Change the foreground and background color of the MS-DOS window.	Internal
command	Opens the command interpreter.	Internal
comp	Compares files.	External
compact	Compresses and uncompress files.	External
control	Open Control Panel icons from the MS-DOS prompt.	External
convert	Convert FAT to NTFS.	External
copy	Copy one or more files to an alternate location.	Internal
ctty	Change the computers input/output devices.	Internal
date	View or change the systems date.	Internal
debug	Debug utility to create assembly programs to modify hardware settings.	External
defrag	Re-arrange the hard drive to help with loading programs.	External
del	Deletes one or more files.	Internal
delete	Recovery console command that deletes a file.	Internal
deltree	Deletes one or more files or directories.	External
dir	List the contents of one or more directory.	Internal
disable	Recovery console command that disables Windows system services or drivers.	Recovery
diskcomp	Compare a disk with another disk.	External
diskcopy	Copy the contents of one disk and place them on another disk.	External
doskey	Command to view and execute commands that have been run in the past.	External
dosshell	A GUI to help with early MS-DOS users.	External
drivparm	Enables overwrite of original device drivers.	Internal
echo	Displays messages and enables and disables echo.	Internal
edit	View and edit files.	External
edlin	View and edit files.	External
emm386	Load extended Memory Manager.	External
ename	Recovery console command to enable a disable service or driver.	Recovery
endlocal	Stops the localization of the environment changes enabled by the setlocal command.	Internal
erase	Erase files from computer.	Internal
exit	Exit from the command interpreter.	Internal
expand	Expand a Microsoft Windows file back to it's original format.	External
extract	Extract files from the Microsoft Windows cabinets.	External
fasthelp	Displays a listing of MS-DOS commands and information about them.	External
fc	Compare files.	External
fdisk	Utility used to create partitions on the hard drive.	External
find	Search for text within a file.	External
findstr	Searches for a string of text within a file.	External
fixboot	Writes a new boot sector.	Recovery
fixmbr	Writes a new boot record to a disk drive.	Recovery
for	Boolean used in batch files.	Internal
format	Command to erase and prepare a disk drive.	External
ftp	Command to connect and operate on a FTP server.	External
fType	Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations.	Recovery
goto	Moves a batch file to a specific label or location.	Internal
graftabl	Show extended characters in graphics mode.	External
help	Display a listing of commands and brief explanation.	External
if	Allows for batch files to perform conditional processing.	Internal
ifshlp.sys	32-bit file manager.	External
ipconfig	Network command to view network adapter settings and assigned values.	External
keyb	Change layout of keyboard.	External
label	Change the label of a disk drive.	External
lh	Load a device driver in to high memory.	Internal
listsvc	Recovery console command that displays the services and drivers.	Recovery
loadfix	Load a program above the first 64k.	External
loadhigh	Load a device driver in to high memory.	Internal
lock	Lock the hard drive.	Internal
logoff	Logoff the currently profile using the computer.	External
logon	Recovery console command to list installations and enable administrator login.	Recovery
map	Displays the device name of a drive.	Recovery
md	Command to create a new directory.	Internal
mem	Display memory on system.	External
mkdir	Command to create a new directory.	Internal
mode	Modify the port or display settings.	External
more	Display one page at a time.	External
move	Move one or more files from one directory to another directory.	Internal
msav	Early Microsoft Virus scanner.	External
msd	Diagnostics utility.	External
msdex	Utility used to load and provide access to the CD-ROM.	External
nbtstat	Displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT	External
net	Update, fix, or view the network or network settings	External
netsh	Configure dynamic and static network information from MS-DOS.	External
netstat	Display the TCP/IP network protocol statistics and information.	External
nlsfunc	Load country specific information.	External
nslookup	Look up an IP address of a domain or host on a network.	External
path	View and modify the computers path location.	Internal
pathping	View and locate locations of network latency.	External
pause	Command used in batch files to stop the processing of a command.	Internal
ping	Test and send information to another network computer or network device.	External
popd	Changes to the directory or network path stored by the pushd command.	Internal
power	Conserve power with computer portables.	External
print	Prints data to a printer port.	External
prompt	View and change the MS-DOS prompt.	Internal
pushd	Stores a directory or network path in memory so it can be returned to at any time.	Internal
qbasic	Open the QBasic.	External
rd	Removes an empty directory.	Internal
ren	Renames a file or directory.	Internal
rename	Renames a file or directory.	Internal
rmdir	Removes an empty directory.	Internal
robocopy	A robust file copy command for the Windows command line.	External
route	View and configure windows network route tables.	External
runas	Enables a user to run a program as a different user.	External
scandisk	Run the scandisk utility.	External
scanreg	Scan registry and recover registry from errors.	External
set	Change one variable or string to another.	Internal
setlocal	Enables local environments to be changed without affecting anything else.	Internal
setver	Change MS-DOS version to trick older MS-DOS programs.	External
share	Installs support for file sharing and locking capabilities.	External
shift	Changes the position of replaceable parameters in a batch program.	Internal
shutdown	Shutdown the computer from the MS-DOS prompt.	External
smartdrv	Create a disk cache in conventional memory or extended memory.	External
sort	Sorts the input and displays the output to the screen.	External
start	Start a separate window in Windows from the MS-DOS prompt.	Internal
subst	Substitute a folder on your computer for another drive letter.	External
switches	Remove add functions from MS-DOS.	Internal
sys	Transfer system files to disk drive.	External
telnet	Telnet to another computer or device from the prompt.	External
time	View or modify the system time.	Internal
title	Change the title of their MS-DOS window.	Internal
tracert	Visually view a network packets route across a network.	External
tree	View a visual tree of the hard drive.	External
Type	Display the contents of a file.	Internal
undelete	Undelete a file that has been deleted.	External
unformat	Unformat a hard drive.	External
unlock	Unlock a disk drive.	Internal
ver	Display the version information.	Internal
verify	Enables or disables the feature to determine if files have been written properly.	Internal
vol	Displays the volume information about the designated drive.	Internal
xcopy	Copy multiple files, directories, or drives from one location to another.	External